Replacing the spreadsheet-and-email workflow with a single internal system that carries a case from first enquiry through to disbursement.
Prepared for
Nanhang Pte. Ltd.
Prepared by
Potentia Computing Inc.
Date
14 August 2026
Scope
Phase 1 — internal system
Contents
What this document covers
Commercial terms — timeline, pricing and payment schedule — are provided separately.
Section 1
Executive Summary
Your lending process today runs across spreadsheets, email threads and individual staff files. This proposal covers Phase 1 of a CRM that brings the whole of it into one system — from the moment a case is opened to the moment the loan is disbursed.
The system is designed around your existing workflow rather than a generic sales pipeline. The pre-assessment checklist your team already uses becomes a working form; your approval thresholds become routing rules; your reporting structure becomes the access model. Nothing about how you assess a borrower changes. What changes is that the process stops living in files that have to be emailed around.
What Phase 1 delivers
One record per caseCompany details, contacts, directors, guarantors, documents, site visit notes, credit figures and every call logged against a single case, visible to whoever picks it up next.
The pre-assessment as a working formSubtotals and averages calculated by the system, currencies kept separate, credit bureau figures stored as data rather than filed as attachments.
Approval routing that follows your rulesCases reach the right approver automatically based on the amount requested and whether the directors have given personal guarantees — and the approver is told why.
Access that follows your reporting lineEach person sees the cases within their own team and no further. The same rule governs search, reports and data exports.
Reporting you cannot produce todayApproval rates, disbursed value, performance by salesperson, pipeline value, response times and reasons for lost cases — each exportable to Excel.
A complete audit trailEvery status change, amount change, document upload and data export recorded with who did it and when.
Phase 1 is for your internal team only
Customers, referrers and brokers have no access to the system in this phase; all data entry is done by your staff. Customer-facing portals, WhatsApp integration and AI assistance are addressed in Sections 8 and 11, with the reasoning for the sequencing.
Section 2
Understanding Your Current Situation
A salesperson collects documents, visits the borrower's premises, completes the pre-assessment checklist in Excel and emails it to their manager for a decision. Once approved, the case passes to Operations for the contract, signing and disbursement.
That process works, and the assessment discipline behind it is sound. The difficulty is not with the method — it is that spreadsheets and email were built for individual calculation and correspondence, not for a multi-party approval workflow handling money and personal data. Seven consequences follow from that, and each of them shapes something in the proposed system.
Limitation
What it means day to day
No single source of truth
Files travel by email, so one case easily exists in several versions at once and there is no reliable way to tell which is current.
Calculations depend on manual upkeep
A formula that is overwritten, or a row inserted in the wrong place, changes the result silently. Nothing signals that a total no longer matches the figures above it.
Multiple currencies sit awkwardly
Accounts in different currencies are listed on one sheet, which leaves any combined total ambiguous.
Fixed table capacity
When a case has more guarantors or more bank accounts than the template allows, there is nowhere appropriate to record them.
Limited ways to express status
A Yes / No column cannot distinguish a document that has not been obtained from one that does not apply to this borrower.
No access control or audit trail
Once a file is sent it cannot be recalled, and there is no record of who changed what, or when.
No reporting across cases
Approval rates, reasons for lost cases and performance by salesperson require opening files one by one and totalling them by hand.
None of these is a matter of how carefully the files are maintained. They are the boundaries of the tool. A spreadsheet is an excellent calculator for one person; it was never designed to be the system of record for a regulated approval process involving several people, documents from third parties, and personal data belonging to guarantors.
Section 3
Solution Overview
A single web application used by your sales team, your approvers, your operations staff and your administrator. Each case moves through one defined path, and the system knows at every point who is responsible for it.
The path a case takes
Step 1
Create case
Salesperson
Step 2
Collect documents
Salesperson
Step 3
Site visit
Salesperson
Step 4
Pre-assessment
Salesperson
Step 5 · Decision
Submit & approve
Level 2 or Level 3
Step 6
Contract & signing
Operations
Step 7 · Closed
Disburse
Operations
Steps 1 to 4 are the salesperson's own work and may happen in any order. Step 5 is the only point at which the case branches — it may be approved, returned for further work, rejected, or dropped if the customer withdraws.
Who does what
Level 1 Salesperson
Opens and works cases, collects documents, conducts site visits, completes the pre-assessment and submits for approval. Sees only their own cases.
Level 2 Salesperson
All of the above, plus approval authority for smaller cases with full guarantor cover. Sees their own cases and those of the Level 1 staff reporting to them.
Level 3 Salesperson
Full approval authority within their own team, with no amount limit. Sees every case in their reporting line.
Operations
Handles approved cases through contract and signing, and records disbursement. Sees all cases.
Administrator
Everything Operations can do, plus user accounts, reporting access and the audit log.
The six states a case can be in
In ProgressSubmittedApprovedDisbursedRejectedDropped
Rejected and Dropped are deliberately separate. Rejected means your team declined the application; Dropped means the customer withdrew — including where they declined the terms offered. Each asks for a reason from a short list, which is what makes it possible to report on why business is lost rather than simply how much.
Section 4
Key Features
Nine areas of functionality make up Phase 1. Each is described in terms of what it does and the problem it removes.
Case management and duplicate detection
Cases are created, assigned and — where staffing changes — reassigned, with every handover recorded. When a UEN matches a company already in the system, the case is linked to that company automatically and previous applications are flagged on screen as soon as the case is opened.
Covers: Lead Management, Duplicate detection
Document management
All nine documents from your checklist are tracked, with company-level documents held against the company and guarantor documents held against each individual guarantor. Each has four possible states — not requested, requested, received, not applicable — so a document that does not apply can never be mistaken for one that is missing. Multiple files can be held under a single requirement, which matters for six months of bank statements.
The checklist your team uses today, rebuilt as a form. Subtotals and averages are calculated from the figures entered, so the summary can never disagree with the detail. Currencies are summarised separately with no conversion. Returned cheques are counted across all accounts and shown as a risk figure in their own right rather than sitting in a column. Every guarantor gets a full set of rows.
Covers: Preliminary Assessment
Approval workflow
Cases route automatically: a Level 2 approver may decide cases up to S$50,000 where every director has also given a personal guarantee, and everything else goes to Level 3. The approver is shown the reason a case reached them. Requested terms and approved terms are both recorded, so the two can be compared afterwards.
Covers: Pending Approval, Approved
Access control
Visibility follows your reporting structure: a Level 1 salesperson sees only their own cases, a Level 2 also sees their team's, a Level 3 sees their whole line. Separate reporting lines cannot see each other. The rule is enforced on the server for every request — including search, reporting and exports — not merely hidden in the interface.
Covers: role-based access
Activity timeline
Calls, notes, document requests, site visits and every status change appear in one dated record. Site visit entries carry photographs and files. The date something happened and the date it was entered are held separately, so a Friday visit logged on Monday keeps its real date while the system still records when it was typed in.
Covers: Interaction history, Timeline of activities
Dashboard
Four working queues — In Progress, Pending Approvals, Approved, and All Cases — with counts, document completeness, last activity and, for submitted cases, who the decision sits with. Searchable by UEN, filterable by state, sortable and exportable.
Covers: Sales Dashboard, Today's leads and assigned cases, Approvals in progress
Reporting and export
Approval rate, disbursed value, performance by salesperson, pipeline value, response time and reasons for lost cases, filterable by salesperson, date range and lead source. Case lists and reports export to Excel or CSV, always limited to what that user is permitted to see, and every export is recorded in the audit log.
Covers: Reports & KPI
Approval notifications
When a case is approved, the system emails the responsible salesperson, the supervising Level 3 where relevant, Operations and Administrators, with the approved amount, tenure, interest, fee, the salesperson's details and the referrer's details. Sent from your own domain through a professional mail service. No email is sent to customers in Phase 1.
Covers: internal notification
Section 5
Interface Preview
Four screens showing how the day-to-day work would look. Layout, wording and styling are for discussion — the purpose here is to show the shape of the system, not to fix its final appearance.
Illustrative only — final design subject to change. All companies, individuals, identification numbers and figures shown are fictional sample data prepared for this document.
5.1 Sales Dashboard
The landing page for every salesperson. Work is grouped by the action it is waiting for, and each person sees only the cases within their own reporting line.
Lending CRM — DashboardIllustrative
Dashboard
Level 3 Salesperson
MT Marcus Tay
In Progress
12
3 with documents outstanding
Pending Approvals
4
2 awaiting your decision
Approved
3
Awaiting disbursement
Disbursed · August
S$ 412,000
7 cases
Pending Approvals
Routed by proposed amount and guarantor cover
Case No.
Company
Proposed
Submitted by
Submitted
Decision with
L-2026-00187
Meridian Metalworks Pte. Ltd.
S$ 80,000
Daniel Foo
11 Aug, 09:24
You — Level 3
L-2026-00184
Harbourline Logistics Pte. Ltd.
S$ 120,000
Priya Menon
10 Aug, 16:02
You — Level 3
L-2026-00181
Kallang Precision Works Pte. Ltd.
S$ 45,000
Daniel Foo
10 Aug, 11:40
Rachel Ng — Level 2
L-2026-00179
Sentosa Fitout Contractors Pte. Ltd.
S$ 38,500
Rachel Ng
09 Aug, 14:15
Rachel Ng — Level 2
In Progress
Sorted by last activity
Case No.
Company
Proposed
Owner
Documents
Last activity
L-2026-00192
Tanjong Steel Supply Pte. Ltd.
S$ 65,000
Daniel Foo
9 of 9 received
Site visit · 2 days ago
L-2026-00190
Jurong Fabrication Pte. Ltd.
S$ 150,000
Priya Menon
6 of 9 received
Documents requested · 4 days ago
L-2026-00188
Bedok Interior Systems Pte. Ltd.
S$ 30,000
Rachel Ng
7 of 9 received
Contacted · 5 days ago
L-2026-00186
Pioneer Marine Services Pte. Ltd.
S$ 95,000
Daniel Foo
2 of 9 received
Note added · 6 days ago
Queues, not a listCases are grouped by what they are waiting for, so nothing sits unnoticed between stages.
Visibility follows the reporting lineThe same rule applies to search and export, not only to what is displayed.
Routing is shown, not guessedEach submitted case displays who the decision sits with.
5.2 Digital Pre-Assessment
The familiar checklist, rebuilt as a form. Subtotals and averages are calculated by the system, currencies are kept apart, and every guarantor has a full set of rows rather than sharing a fixed number of columns.
25111Manufacture of metal doors & window frames 41001General contractors for building construction
Document checklist
8 of 8 required received · 1 optional
#
Document
Held against
Status
Finding
Files
1
Latest ACRA
Company
Received
Clean
1
2
Past 6 months bank statements
Company
Received
Clean
6
3
I/C copy
Each guarantor
Received
Clean
2
4
Past 2 years NOA
Each guarantor
Received
Captured below
4
5
Latest CBS
Each guarantor
Received
Captured below
2
6
Latest MLCB
Each guarantor
Received
Clean — no moneylender borrowings
2
7
Total bank / non-bank borrowings
Company & guarantors
Received
Clean
3
8
M&A / Constitution Optional
Company
Not applicable
—
0
9
Proof of residential address
Each guarantor
Received
Clean
2
Guarantors — credit position
Entered as data, not filed as attachments
Guarantor
CBS date
Score
Unsecured balance
Unsecured limit
Private property
NOA 2026
NOA 2025
Tan Wei Ming S71•••••A
27 Jul 2026
BB
92,410.50
145,000.00
No
118,400
96,250
Lim Hui Shan S83•••••G
27 Jul 2026
AA
18,220.00
88,000.00
Yes
142,900
131,600
Bank cash flow
Jan 2026 – Jun 2026 · 2 accounts
Deposits SGD
733,210
Withdrawals SGD
735,685
Avg. balance SGD
22,186
Deposits USD
156,720
Avg. balance USD
9,513
Returned cheques
3
Account 1 — United Overseas BankSGD
Month
Deposit
Withdrawal
End balance
Returned cheques
Remarks
Jun 2026
121,655
137,240
15,925
0
May 2026
165,780
148,920
31,510
0
Apr 2026
87,410
102,335
14,650
2
Supplier payments
Mar 2026
143,220
131,640
29,575
0
Feb 2026
118,905
124,370
17,995
1
Re-presented, cleared
Jan 2026
96,240
91,180
23,460
0
Total Calculated
733,210
735,685
—
3
Average Calculated
122,202
122,614
22,186
0.5
Account 2 — DBS BankUSD
Month
Deposit
Withdrawal
End balance
Returned cheques
Remarks
Jun 2026
21,880
26,540
7,350
0
May 2026
33,150
30,920
12,010
0
Apr 2026
27,340
25,180
9,780
0
Mar 2026
18,650
22,410
7,620
0
Export receipts delayed
Feb 2026
31,200
28,760
11,380
0
Jan 2026
24,500
21,300
8,940
0
Total Calculated
156,720
155,110
—
0
Average Calculated
26,120
25,852
9,513
0
Assessment noteOptional
SGD account is broadly balanced over the period, with withdrawals slightly ahead of deposits and an average closing balance of about S$22,000 against monthly turnover of roughly S$122,000. Three returned cheques in February and April — the February item was re-presented and cleared. USD account is small and stable. Both guarantors are within their unsecured limits.
Totals are computed, never typedThe summary cannot disagree with the detail beneath it.
Currencies stay separateNo conversion is applied; returned cheques, being a count, are combined.
Credit figures become dataScores, limits and NOA amounts can be compared across cases.
Four document states, not Yes / No"Not applicable" can never be mistaken for "missing".
5.3 Approval
What the approver opens. The assessment sits on the left; the decision is made on the right, with proposed and approved terms recorded side by side.
Lending CRM — Approval · L-2026-00187Illustrative
Meridian Metalworks Pte. Ltd.
SubmittedLevel 3 Salesperson
MT Marcus Tay
⚠
Decision sits with Level 3. Proposed amount of S$80,000 exceeds the S$50,000 Level 2 limit, and one of three directors — Ravi Subramaniam — is not listed as a guarantor.
Pre-assessment summary
Prepared by Daniel Foo · Site visit 04 Aug 2026
Documents
8 of 8 required received, 1 not applicable
Directors
3 — Tan Wei Ming, Lim Hui Shan, Ravi Subramaniam
Guarantors
2 — Tan Wei Ming, Lim Hui Shan
Guarantor CBS
BB / AA
Combined unsecured balance
S$ 110,630.50 of S$ 233,000.00 limit
Bank turnover · SGD
Deposits 733,210 · Withdrawals 735,685
Average closing balance · SGD
22,186
Returned cheques
3 across all accounts
Site visit
Completed — 4 photographs, 1 note
Referrer
Maple Crest Advisory — Tiffany Wong · 1.5%
Assessment note from Daniel Foo
SGD account is broadly balanced with withdrawals slightly ahead of deposits. Three returned cheques in February and April — the February item was re-presented and cleared. Both guarantors are within their unsecured limits.
Decision
ProposedApproved
80,000
60,000
12
12
3.50
3.80
3.00
3.00
Proposed terms are kept unchanged on record. Approving notifies Daniel Foo, Operations and Admin by email.
The routing reason is statedThe approver is told why the case reached them.
Proposed and approved are both keptMaking it possible to see how far approvals typically move from what was asked.
Reject and Drop are different outcomesEach asks for a reason, so the two can be reported separately.
5.4 Case Detail and Timeline
Everything known about one case in one place — the company, the people, the terms, and a dated record of every call, document and decision.
Lending CRM — Case · L-2026-00187Illustrative
Meridian Metalworks Pte. Ltd.
In ProgressOwner · Daniel Foo
OverviewDocumentsPre-AssessmentTimeline
◆
This company has 2 previous applications. UEN 200812345K — last disbursed February 2025.
Activity
Submitted for approval 11 Aug 2026, 09:24 · Daniel Foo
Routed to Marcus Tay (Level 3) — proposed amount above S$50,000.
Site visit 04 Aug 2026 · Daniel Foo
Workshop at Tuas visited. Two CNC lines running, stock levels consistent with stated turnover. Met Serene Koh (Finance Manager).
📎 4 photographs · site-notes.pdfLogged 05 Aug 2026, 08:12
Documents received 02 Aug 2026 · Daniel Foo
CBS and MLCB reports for both guarantors uploaded. Checklist now complete.
Note 29 Jul 2026 · Daniel Foo
Finance manager flagged two returned cheques earlier in the year — supplier payment timing, since resolved. Asked for the February bank advice to confirm.
Documents requested 24 Jul 2026 · Daniel Foo
Requested ACRA, 6 months of bank statements, and guarantor documents for both directors.
Contacted 22 Jul 2026 · Daniel Foo
Call with Serene Koh. Working capital for a confirmed fit-out contract; looking for S$80,000 over 12 months.
Case created 22 Jul 2026 · Daniel Foo
Referred by Maple Crest Advisory — Tiffany Wong.
Requested terms
Amount
S$ 80,000
Tenure
12 months
Interest
3.50% per month
Fee
3.00%
Purpose
Working capital
Contact
Serene Koh
Finance Manager
Mobile
+65 9123 4567
Email
serene.koh@meridianmw.sg
Directors & guarantors
Tan Wei Ming
Director · Guarantor
Lim Hui Shan
Director · Guarantor
Ravi Subramaniam
Director only
One record per caseA case can be picked up by someone else without a handover conversation.
When it happened, and when it was loggedA Friday site visit entered on Monday keeps its real date.
Repeat customers are recognisedMatching on UEN surfaces earlier applications as soon as the case is opened.
Section 6
Technology & Architecture
The system is a web application hosted on Amazon Web Services in their Singapore region. Your staff reach it through an ordinary web browser — there is nothing to install, and no server for your office to maintain.
Everything belonging to your business — the application, the database, the uploaded documents and the backups — sits in a dedicated environment used by no other client. All of it is located in Singapore.
Component
Choice
What it means for you
Application
Node.js and React (Next.js), written in TypeScript
Mainstream, widely used technology with a deep pool of available developers, so you are never dependent on one supplier to maintain it.
Database
PostgreSQL on Amazon RDS
An industry-standard database suited to the connected records this system holds — companies, cases, guarantors, documents and reporting.
Document storage
Amazon S3, private
Uploaded files have no public web address. Every download passes an access check first.
Email
Amazon SES
A professional sending service, so approval notifications reach inboxes rather than spam folders.
Hosting
Amazon ECS Fargate
No servers to patch or manage, and capacity adjusts to how heavily the system is used.
Region
Asia Pacific (Singapore), ap-southeast-1
All data is stored and processed in Singapore and does not leave the country.
Backups
Daily full backups with point-in-time recovery
The system can be restored to any moment within the retention window, not just to last night.
Two environments
A staging environment for testing and training, and a production environment for live use. New work is proven on staging before it reaches the data your team relies on.
Running costs
The Amazon Web Services charges for a system of this size are expected to be in the region of USD 150–300 per month, varying with storage as documents accumulate. These charges are billed by Amazon directly to your own AWS account and are separate from any development or support fees. We would recommend the account be opened in your company's name so that ownership of the environment and the data within it is unambiguous from the outset.
Section 7
Why This Approach
Five characteristics of a dedicated, purpose-built system that a shared subscription platform cannot offer.
A dedicated environmentYour database, your document storage and your application run in an environment used by no other client. This is separation at the level of the infrastructure, not a setting within shared software.
Data held in SingaporeAll processing and storage takes place in Amazon's Singapore region. As a licensed moneylender handling personal data belonging to guarantors and contacts, where that data physically resides is a question you may need to answer, and the answer here is a simple one.
Built to your process, with no platform lock-inThe system is developed around how your business actually works, rather than configured within the limits of packaged software. The source code and the data belong to you: you are free to maintain it in-house, or hand it to another team, at any point. Subsequent changes and new features are quoted as separate pieces of work.
Access control and audit built into the structurePermissions are enforced by the server on every request, so what a user cannot see, they also cannot search, report on or export. Status changes, amount changes, document deletions and data exports are all recorded against the person who performed them.
Designed with the next phase in mindThe data structures needed for a customer portal, a referrer portal and the wider customer view are established in Phase 1. When you choose to add them, they build on what already exists rather than requiring the database to be rebuilt.
Section 8
Out of Scope for Phase 1
The following are deliberately excluded from this phase. Several appeared in your original outline; they are addressed in Section 11 rather than dropped.
—
Website lead capture — no customer-facing forms in this phase
—
Referrer and broker logins — referrers are recorded on the case, but have no access
—
Customer Portal
—
Customer 360° View — a history list by UEN is provided instead
—
AI Copilot and all AI features
—
WhatsApp history and reply drafting
—
Task management, reminders and escalation
—
Instant eligibility assessment
—
Digital signing and eGIRO
—
Import of existing spreadsheet history
—
Integration with ACRA, CBS or MLCB systems — figures are entered by your staff
On artificial intelligence
AI belongs in this system as an assistant to an existing process, not as a replacement for the judgement your team applies. For AI to genuinely save time, there first has to be a clearly defined process actually running — one where it is visible what each person decides at each point, on what information, and how long it takes. Only then is it possible to say which part is worth handing over, and what is actually saved by doing so.
Phase 1 is precisely the work of making that process explicit and putting it into a system. Once it has been running for a few months, we would propose reviewing how the team actually uses it and identifying together where AI would deliver the most benefit — with the accumulated case history then available as the basis for it.
On WhatsApp
The WhatsApp features in your original outline require the WhatsApp Business API, which involves official verification by Meta, message templates submitted for approval, and an ongoing per-conversation charge. This is a separate piece of work with its own cost structure, and is not included in Phase 1. We recognise WhatsApp is central to how business is conducted in this market, and would be glad to scope it once Phase 1 is settled.
Section 9
What We Need From You
Five things are required from your side. The first is the one most likely to hold up a launch, so it is worth starting early.
Sending domain and DNS access
Required before go-live. Notification emails must be sent from your own domain, which requires DNS records (SPF, DKIM and DMARC) to be configured. We need either access to manage those records or a technical contact who can apply them. Without this, approval notifications cannot be sent reliably.
AWS account ownership
A decision on whether the AWS account is opened in your company's name — our recommendation — or set up by us and transferred to you afterwards.
People for acceptance testing
At least one person from each role — salesperson, approver, operations and administrator — available to work through the system before it goes live. Testing by actual users finds issues that testing by developers does not.
A decision on the transition period
How existing cases are handled at go-live. Our suggestion is that cases already in progress remain in the current files until they close, and all new cases begin in the system.
A single point of decision
One person on your side able to settle questions of detail as they arise. Most delays in projects of this kind come from waiting on decisions rather than from the building.
Section 10
Assumptions & Disclaimers
This proposal is written on the following basis. Where any of it does not reflect your position, please let us know, as it may affect the scope.
You have confirmed there are no regulatory or compliance requirements to be built into this phase. The system therefore performs no compliance checking of any kind — it does not validate interest rate caps, fee caps, or any other statutory limit.
Licensed moneylenders in Singapore operate under the Moneylenders Act and the oversight of the Ministry of Law.
Information about borrowing companies is not personal data. Contact persons and individual guarantors are natural persons, and their names, contact details and NRIC/FIN numbers fall under the PDPA. The system is designed on that basis, including retention and access rules.
Records are retained for five years and then anonymised. This should be confirmed against your own record-keeping obligations before go-live.
Responsibility for regulatory compliance rests with your company. The system records the information your staff enter; it does not assess whether that information or the resulting loan meets any legal requirement.
Section 11
Future Phases
What Phase 1 makes possible. Each of these is a separate piece of work, and each depends on something Phase 1 puts in place.
Candidate
What it needs first
AI assistance
A settled process running in production, and enough case history to work from. See Section 8.
Customer Portal
Customer identity verification and a security review for external access. The underlying company and case records already exist from Phase 1.
Referrer / Broker Portal
Agreement on how referrers are registered and how commission is reconciled — currently recorded on each case rather than managed centrally.
Reminders and escalation
Agreement on the response times expected at each stage, plus an in-system notification centre.
The sequencing is not arbitrary. Nearly everything on this list depends on there being a single, reliable record of what happens to a case — which is what Phase 1 creates.
Interface previews are illustrative only and the final design is subject to change. All companies, individuals, identification numbers and figures shown in Section 5 are fictional sample data prepared for this document.
Commercial terms — timeline, pricing and payment schedule — are provided separately.